Fibroids are a silent struggle for many Black women, often causing discomfort, pain, and even complications with fertility. Yet, conversations around uterine fibroids are still not as common as they should be. If you or someone you love has been diagnosed with fibroids, you’re not alone. In fact, up to 80% of Black women will develop fibroids by the age of 50—a rate significantly higher than other racial groups.
But what exactly are fibroids? What causes them, and how can they be treated? Let’s break it all down so you can make informed decisions about your health.
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They vary in size, from tiny seed-like nodules to large masses that can distort the uterus. Some women have fibroids and never experience symptoms, while others suffer from heavy periods, pelvic pain, and fertility challenges.
Fibroids are classified based on their location:
- Intramural fibroids – Grow within the muscular wall of the uterus.
- Subserosal fibroids – Develop on the outer layer of the uterus and may press against surrounding organs.
- Submucosal fibroids – Form inside the uterine cavity, often leading to heavy bleeding and fertility issues.
- Pedunculated fibroids – Grow on a stalk, either inside or outside the uterus.
What Causes Fibroids?
While the exact cause of fibroids remains unknown, several factors may contribute to their development:
1. Hormonal Imbalance
Fibroids grow in response to estrogen and progesterone, hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. This explains why they often develop during reproductive years and shrink after menopause when hormone levels decrease.
2. Genetics
If your mother, grandmother, or sister has had fibroids, you’re more likely to develop them, too.
3. Inflammation & Diet
Some studies suggest that chronic inflammation in the body—often influenced by diet—may contribute to fibroid growth. High consumption of red meat, processed foods, and alcohol has been linked to an increased risk. On the other hand, a diet rich in green leafy vegetables, fruits, and whole grains may help reduce the risk.
4. Stress & Lifestyle Factors
Stress triggers the release of cortisol, a hormone that can lead to inflammation and hormonal imbalance, potentially worsening fibroids.
5. Vitamin D Deficiency
Research has found that Black women are more likely to have low levels of vitamin D, which may be a factor in the higher incidence of fibroids.
Common Symptoms of Fibroids
Fibroids affect women differently. Some women have no symptoms, while others experience:
✅ Heavy or prolonged menstrual periods (leading to anemia)
✅ Severe menstrual cramps
✅ Pelvic or lower back pain
✅ Frequent urination (if fibroids press on the bladder)
✅ Pain during intercourse
✅Constipation or bloating (if fibroids press on the intestines)
✅ Difficulty getting pregnant or recurrent miscarriages
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for an evaluation.
Treatment Options for Fibroids
The right treatment depends on your symptoms, age, and reproductive goals. Here are some common options:
1. Watchful Waiting
If your fibroids are small and not causing symptoms, your doctor may suggest monitoring them over time. Many fibroids shrink after menopause when estrogen levels decline.
2. Medication
- Birth control pills and hormonal IUDs can help regulate heavy bleeding but don’t shrink fibroids.
- GnRH agonists (like Lupron) temporarily shrink fibroids by blocking estrogen but may cause menopause-like side effects.
3. Non-Surgical Procedures
- Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) – A minimally invasive procedure that blocks blood flow to fibroids, causing them to shrink.
- MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) – Uses high-intensity ultrasound waves to destroy fibroids.
4. Surgery
- Myomectomy – Removes fibroids while preserving the uterus, making it an option for women who want to have children.
- Hysterectomy – A complete removal of the uterus, which eliminates fibroids permanently but also ends fertility.
Can Fibroids Be Prevented?
While fibroids can’t always be prevented, certain lifestyle changes may reduce your risk:
Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Stay hydrated and reduce processed foods
Get enough vitamin D (through sunlight or supplements)
♀️ Exercise regularly to manage weight and hormone balance
♀️ Manage stress through yoga, meditation, or therapy
Prioritizing Your Health
Fibroids are common, but suffering in silence doesn’t have to be. Advocate for your health, ask questions, and explore treatment options that work for you. If you’re experiencing symptoms, don’t ignore them—talk to your doctor and take control of your well-being.
Have you dealt with fibroids? Share your story with us on social media and help other women navigate their journey to better health.
Written by Tammi Thomas
